Immunisation Guidelines for Early Childhood Services and Primary Schools – te reo Māori version - HE1107

August 2023: please note that this version is dated June 2020. See National Immunisation Schedule for updated information. We apologise for the inconvenience.

Ihirangi

Te Rongoā Ārai Mate
Te kaupapa rongoā ārai mate tamariki
Ngā Whakaritenga Hauora (Rongoā Ārai Mate) 1995
Ngā kawenga i raro i ngā whakaritenga
Te Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate
Ngā rēhita rongoā ārai mate o ngā kura
Te Rēhita Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate ā-Motu
Te whakahaere urutā
Te tūmataitinga
Ngā Kawenga

He wāhi nui tō ngā ratonga kōhungahunga me ngā kura tuatahi hei tiaki i te hauora me te painga o ngā tamariki ina atawhaitia rātou. Tere rawa te hora haere o te tahumaero ina nui ngā tamariki e huihui ngātahi ana, hei tauira, ina kei tētahi ratonga kōhungahunga rātou, kura rānei. He tikanga tōtika te rongoā ārai mate e āraia ai te hōrapa haere o te tahumaero.

E whakamārama ana tēnei pukapuka iti i ngā kawenga o ngā Whakaritenga Hauora (Rongoā Ārai Mate) 1995 ka utaina ki ngā kaimahi me ngā poari kaitiaki o ngā ratonga kōhungahunga me ngā kura tuatahi.

Te Rongoā Ārai Mate

E akiaki ana te Manatū Hauora kia āta whakarite ngā mātua me ngā kaitiaki ka oti i ngā tamariki ā rātou rongoā ārai mate i te wā tika, ina koa i mua i tā rātou tīmata i tētahi ratonga kōhungahunga, kura rānei. Mā te whakaoti i te raupapa rongoā ārai mate katoa ka tino pai rawa atu te ārai ki ngā mate pēnei i te mare tekekō me te karawaka, mō ngā tamariki rātou tahi ko ngā tāngata ka pā tahi ki a rātou. Ahakoa ka whiwhi tata ki te katoa o ngā tamariki i tētahi taumata o te rongoā ārai mate, ka takaroa ētahi, kāore rānei e oti katoa ā rātou rongoā ārai mate i tūtohutia. I Poutūterangi 2014, e 94% ngā tamariki 12 marama i whiwhi ki ngā rongoā ārai mate katoa mō tō rātou pakeke, engari o ngā tamariki 5 tau e 79% noa iho i whiwhi ki ā rātou rongoā ārai mate katoa. Nō konei ka noho mōrearea tonu ngā ratonga kōhungahunga me ngā kura tuatahi ki te urutā ka taea e te rongoā ārai mate te ārai.

Te kaupapa rongoā ārai mate tamariki

He koreutu, e wātea ana hoki te rongoā ārai mate ki te pare i ngā tamariki mai i ēnei mate kino.

• Huaketo puku (mā ngā pēpi kāore anō kia 8 marama)
• Whakapokenga korokoro (diphtheria), mare tekekō, (whooping cough)
• Kauae-timu (tetanus)
• Atekakā B (hepatitis)
• Hib (Rewharewha haemophilus Momo B, ko ia te tino pūtake o te mate kiriuhi ua kakā (meningitis) i mua i te putanga mai o te rongoā ārai mate Hib)
• Whakamemeke (polio)
• Pūkahu kakā (pneumococcal)
• Karawaka (measles)
• Repe hūware pupuhi (mumps)
• Karawaka tiamana (rubella)
• Huaketo papilloma ā-tangata
• Koroputa hei (varicella).

Hoatu ai ngā rongoā ārai mate kōhungahunga i te wiki 6, te marama 3, te marama 5, te marama 12, te marama 15 me te tau 4, i mua i te tīmatanga o te tamaiti i te kura. He mea nui kia oti i ngā tamariki tā rātou raupapa rongoā ārai mate kia tino parea rātou. Ka hoatu anō ētahi atu rongoā ārai mate ki ngā tamariki i ngā tau kura 7 me 8, i te kura rānei, i te whare hauora rānei.

E wātea mai ana he mōhiohio āmiki atu mō te rongoā ārai mate i roto i te pukaiti Childhood Immunisation (waehere HE1323), tae atu ki ngā mōrearea e pā ana ki ngā tahumaero me ngā mōrearea e pā ana ki te rongoā ārai mate, i www.healthed.govt.nz

Ngā Whakaritenga Hauora (Rongoā Ārai Mate) 1995

Ka hiahia ēnei whakaritenga kia puritia e ngā ratonga kōhungahunga me ngā kura tuatahi katoa he rēhita rongoā ārai mate o ngā tamariki, i whānau mai anō i te 1 Kohitātea 1995. Ka āwhina te rēhita kia heke te hōrapa o ngā mate ka taea te ārai mā te rongoā ārai mate i roto i ngā ratonga kōhungahunga me ngā kura tuatahi, me te hapori whānui, mā te whakarato pūrongo haere tonu ko wai i whiwhi rongoā ārai mate, mō te aha, nōnahea hoki. E akiaki hoki ana te rēhita kia whakaotia ngā rongoā ārai mate ina pīrangi whakamahara ngā mātua, kaitiaki rānei kia hoki anō ki te hōtaka rongoā ārai mate mā ā rātou tamariki.

Ngā kawenga i raro i ngā whakaritenga

Ka pā ngā whakaritenga ki ngā ratonga kōhungahunga me ngā kura tuatahi katoa, tae ki ngā kura motuhake me ngā kura kaupapa Māori. Me pupuri rawa ngā ratonga kōhungahunga me ngā kura i tētahi rēhita rongoā ārai mate, e tārua ai rātou i ngā mōhiohio mai i te Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate a te tamaiti. Ka tuhia anake ngā mōhiohio i te tiwhikete ki te rēhita, otiia kia tino rite tonu ki tā te tiwhikete e kī ai. Ki te mea kāore ngā mātua, kaitiaki rānei i whakarato i te tiwhikete a tētahi tamaiti, me tuhi tēnei ki te rēhita.

E āhei ana ngā ratonga kōhungahunga, kura tuatahi rānei te tono i ngā mātua, kaitiaki o tētahi tamaiti kia whakapā ki tōna tākuta, nēhi rānei hei whakarite kia tika ngā rongoā ārai mate o te tamaiti ki te hōtaka, kia oti hoki/rānei he tiwhikete.

Te Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate

E whakaatu ana te Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate ko ēhea, tēhea rānei, o ngā tahumaero i whiwhi rongoā ārai mate ai te tamaiti, mēnā rānei kua whiwhi i ngā rongoā ārai mate katoa.

Me whakaoti, me haina anō te Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate e te tākuta, nēhi rānei o te whānau o te tamaiti. Ka oti te Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate ina 15 marama te pakeke o te tamaiti, ā te whiwhi rongoā ārai mate anō hoki i te 4 o ōna tau, i mua i tōna haere ki te kura.

Ko te Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate anake te puna mōhiohio ka taea te whakamahi ina tuhia ki te rēhita rongoā ārai mate o te kura te tūnga rongoā ārai mate o te tamaiti.

Ka kitea te Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate i te Well Child Tamariki Ora My Health Book e whiwhi ai ia matua i te whānautanga o ia tamaiti. Ki te ngaro te pukapuka, ka āhei ngā mātua, kaitiaki rānei te tiki mea hōu, tiwhikete motuhake rānei i tō rātou tākuta, nēhi rānei. Ka taea te tiki pukapuka, tiwhikete hoki/rānei mō tētahi tamaiti i ngā wā katoa, tae atu ki a rātou i whānau ki tāwāhi.

Ngā rēhita rongoā ārai mate o ngā kura

E hoatu ana ngā rēhita rongoā ārai mate o ngā kura i ngā mōhiohio mō te tūnga rongoā ārai mate (arā, he aha ngā tahumaero i whiwhi rongoā ārai mate ai te tamaiti) o ia tamaiti kua uru ki ngā ratonga kōhungahunga, kura tuatahi rānei.

Kei ngā ratonga kōhungahunga, kura tuatahi rānei te kawenga:

• ki te tiaki i tētahi rēhita rongoā ārai mate hōu rawa
• ki te whakarite kia tonoa ngā mātua, kaitiaki rānei o tētahi tamaiti kia hōmai i te Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate mō ia tamaiti e haere ana ki tō rātou ratonga, kura rānei
• ki te tuhi i ngā mōhiohio i Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate (mēnā rānei kāore rawa i whakakitea mai) ki te rēhita rongoā ārai mate o te kura.

Te whakaoti i te rēhita rongoā ārai mate o te kura

Ka wātea ngā puka rēhita rongoā ārai mate e tūtohutia ana (waehere HE1112) i: www.healthed.govt.nz. Ka āhei ngā ratonga kōhungahunga me ngā kura te kōwhiri ki te hanga i tā rātou ake rēhita rongoā ārai mate. Heoi, me tuhi rawa aua kōrero ōrite kia wawe ai te kite, te pānui hoki. E āhei ana te ratonga kōhungahunga, kura rānei te whakamahi pūmanawa whakauru hei rēhita rongoā ārai mate, ina āta whakarerekētia te pūmanawa kia uru ai ngā mōhiohio katoa ka hiahiatia.

Ki te whakamahi tētahi ratonga kōhungahunga, kura rānei i tōna ake pūnaha rēhita rongoā ārai mate, me whakawhiti rawa te mōhiohio ina nuku te tamaiti ki tētahi atu ratonga kōhungahunga, kura rānei. Ka āhei te ratonga kōhungahunga, kura rānei te tango i te ingoa tamaiti i tō rātou rēhita rongoā ārai mate ina wehe atu te tamaiti i te ratonga, te kura rānei.

Te Rēhita Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate ā-Motu

Ka whakaurua ngā tamariki katoa ka whānau ki Aotearoa ki te Rēhita Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate ā-Motu (National Immunisation Register – NIR).

E hōmai ana te NIR he pūrongo o ngā rongoā ārai mate o tētahi tamaiti. Kāore e pā tēnei ki te whakaritenga kia puritia he rēhita rongoā ārai mate o te kura. Mō ētahi atu mōhiohio mō te NIR, kōrero ki tō ratonga hauora tūmatanui, tirohia rānei te paetukutuku o te Manatū Hauora. 

Te whakahaere urutā

Ki te pāngia he tamaiti i tētahi ratonga kōhungahunga, kura tuatahi rānei e te tahumaero ka taea te ārai ki te rongoā ārai mate (hāunga te kauae-timu), kāti ka mōrearea ki taua tahumaero ngā tamariki katoa kāore anō kia whiwhi rongoā ārai mate. Ki te tūpono mai te urutā o ēnei tahumaero, (hei tauira, te karawaka, te mare tekekō rānei), kei ngā tumuaki ratonga kōhungahunga, tumuaki kura tuatahi rānei, me te Āpiha Manatū Hauora te mana kia whakarite kia noho te tamaiti kua pāngia e te mate ki te kāinga, hei ārai i te hōrapa o te mate*.

Ka hiahiatia kia whakamōhio ngā tākuta i tō rātou Āpiha Manatū Hauora pātata mehemea e whakaaro ana rātou he mate me whakaatu tō tētahi tangata, kei roto anō i aua mate te nuinga o ngā tahumaero hōtaka rongoā ārai mate. Ka āhei te Āpiha Manatū Hauora, tōna māngai rānei, te titiro ki te rēhita rongoā ārai mate o te ratonga kōhungahunga, kura rānei kia tūtohu i ngā tamariki kāore anō kia whiwhi rongoā ārai mate, kāore rānei tō rātou Tiwhikete Whakatō Kano Ārai Mate. Ka whakapā te Āpiha Manatū Hauora ki ngā mātua, kaitiaki rānei o ēnei tamariki, ka toro rongoā ārai mate kia parea ai ēnei tamariki me te ārai i te hōrapa o te mate.

I ētahi āhuatanga, ka hiahiatia e te whakaritenga kia aukatia i tētahi ratonga kōhungahunga, kura rānei, ngā tamariki kāore anō kia whiwhi rongoā ārai mate e noho whakaraerae ana ki te mate karawaka, te whakapokenga korokoro me te mare tekekō. Ka mutu te tautohu a te Āpiha Manatū Hauora ko wai ngā tamariki me noho ki te kāinga, kāti kei ngā mātua me te Tūmuaki o te kura, o te ratonga kōhungahunga rānei, te kawenga kia tautukuna.

Te tūmataitinga

Ka hiahiatia kia tiakina e ngā ratonga kōhungahunga me ngā kura tuatahi te matatapu o te mōhiohio ka tuhia ki te rēhita rongoā ārai mate o te kura.

Kei ngā mātua me ngā kaitiaki te motika ki te titiro ki ngā mōhiohio kei te rēhita mō ā rātou tamariki anake. Me noho matatapu te mōhiohio ki ngā mātua me ngā kaitiaki o ia tamaiti. Me tārua te mōhiohio mō tētahi tamaiti ka hoatu ki te matua, kaitiaki rānei, me whakaatu rānei i ngā mōhiohio o ētahi atu tamariki e taupokina ana, kia noho matatapu taua mōhiohio.

Ko wai mā ka āhei ki te titiro ki te rēhita rongoā ārai mate o te kura?

• Ko te Āpiha Manatū Hauora anake, ko tōna māngai whaimana rānei, e āhei ki te titiro ki te mōhiohio kei te rēhita rongoā ārai mate o te kura me te kore whakaae a te matua.
• Mā te Tari Arotake Mātauranga (ERO) pea e titiro kei te tautuku te rēhita rongoā ārai mate o te kura ki ngā whakaritenga.
• E āhei ana ngā mātua me ngā kaitiaki te titiro ki ngā kōrero mō ā rātou tamariki anake.

Ngā Kawenga

Kāore e utaina he whiu ki ngā mātua me ngā kaitiaki ka kōwhiri kia kaua ā rātou tamariki e whiwhi rongoā ārai mate. Kāore e taea ngā whakaritenga te whakamahi hei aukati i te whakauru o tētahi tamaiti ki te ratonga kōhungahunga, kura rānei.

Ka uru ki te tātari arowhānui a ERO i tētahi ratonga kōhungahunga, kura tuatahi rānei, te tautuku a taua ratonga kōhungahunga, kura rānei ki ngā whakaritenga (arā, te pupuri rēhita rongoā ārai mate mō ngā tamariki māraurau ki tētahi hōputu tōtika). Ka āhei te ERO te whaikupu mō te tautuku a taua ratonga kōhungahunga, kura rānei.

Ki te kore te ratonga kōhungahunga, kura tuatahi rānei e tuhituhi mōhiohio ki tētahi rēhita rongoā ārai mate, ka tūpono te aha?

Ki te kore e tuhia he mōhiohio ki tētahi rēhita ārai mate, he uaua ake te tautohu i ngā tamariki kāore pea i parea, e mōrearea ana anō ki tētahi tauhumaero e taea mā te rongoā ārai mate te ārai.

Ka pūrongotia pea te kore tautuku ki ngā Whakaritenga Hauora (Rongoā Ārai Mate) 1995 i roto i te arotake haepapatanga a ERO.

Mehemea kāore i whiwhi rongoā ārai mate ia tamaiti i tētahi kura i reira e 500 ngā tamariki, ā, ka urutā mai te mate karawaka:

• ka pāngia tata te katoa o ngā tamariki ki te karawaka
• e 20 ngā tamariki ka pāngia e te pūkahu kakā (pneumonia)
• he 25% te tūponotanga ka pāngia tētahi tamaiti i te kura ki te kakātanga o te roro (encephalitis) hei hua o te karawaka.

Mehemea i whiwhi ngā tamariki katoa i te kura ki te rongoā ārai mate MMR, ko te to harite, kotahi anake te mate kakātanga o te roro ka puta ia 2000 tau ko te rongoā ārai mate te take.

[Mātāpuna: Te Manatū Hauora me ngā Whakaputanga Koroheketanga. 2012 Understanding Childhood Immunisation: Immunise Australia program. Canberra: Te Manatū Hauora me ngā Whakaputanga Koroheketanga.]

Mō ētahi mōhiohio anō mō te rongoā ārai mate

• Tono tārua o te Childhood Immunisation (waehere HE1323) me ētahi atu rauemi i www.healthed.govt.nz
• Kōrero ki tō ratonga hauora tūmatanui pātata
• Haere ki te whārangi tukutuku rongoā ārai mate a te Manatū Hauora i www.health.govt.nz/immunisation
• Waea kore utu ki te 0800 IMMUNE (0800 466 863) i te Waeahauora ki 0800 611 116

ISBN 978-0-478-41139-3 (print)
ISBN 978-0-478-41140-9 (online)

 Code: HE1107.